Fe thin films invited article pdf available in journal of applied physics 7610 november 1994 with 1 reads. Electric actuators electric actuators are equipped with an electric motorgearbox combination, particularly developed for valve automation, providing the torque required for operating the moving elements of gate or butterfly valves as well as ball and globe valves. The motor can be of various voltages and is the primary torquegenerating component. The states of the art of actuating feature are basically different in the actuator application. Electric actuators introduction basics of operation an electric actuator is basically a geared motor. The tutorial is of interest to any student studying control systems and in particular the ec module d227 control system engineering.
Actuator principles and classification springerlink. In part 1, we discussed the basics of a stepper motorbased linear actuator, one of the most effective ways to convert rotary into linear motion for a wide range of applications. Some of these classes of actuators which are widely used in industrial applications include hydraulic actuators, electrostatic actuators, electromagnetic actuators, thermal expansion actuators and pneumatic. All precision linear actuators are designed to require a minimum of maintenance. You can download a version suitable for your system, free of. A fully updated, easytoread guide on magnetic actuators and sensors. Pdf documents can contain links and buttons, form fields, audio, video, and business logic. Magnetic actuators and sensors emphasizes computeraided design techniquesespecially magnetic finite element analysis. The second edition of this musthave book for todays engineers includes the latest updates and advances in the field of magnetic actuators and sensors. These characteristics make them suitable for a variety of vibration control applications. A model of magnetostrictive actuators for active vibration.
Worcester controls series f39 pneumatic actuator flowserve. Introduction to transducers, introduction to transducers. Actuators convert a given kind of energy into mechanical energy. Linear magnetostrictive position sensors are available in several housing configurations to enable mounting in a wide range of applications. In the onedimensional case considered here, the helmholtz energy yields a doublewell potential below the curie point t c which gives rise to stable spontaneous. Actuators controls valves actuators valves actuators controls valves actuators cs10021. Therefore, in order to ensure a fast and efficient design it is important to consider the finite element modeling and simulation enabling electromagnetic actuators virtual prototyping. The most useful one to refer to is the joule effect. Pneumatic actuators use pressurized air to achieve motion add great deal of power and speed to any actuation system. Table 1 comparison of pneumatic, hydraulic, and electric actuators electric actuators convert electric power into mechanical power. The magnetostrictive actuator can provide a good stroke length that is constructed by thin laminate strip, magnet and support. The magnetostrictive effect was first described in the 19th century 1842 by an english physicist james joule. The lorentz force density f n m2 attracting the two plates is given by the qe term in 6.
Manual valve operation is possible using the handwheel, available as standard. Instrumentation and control tutorial 2 electric actuators this is a stand alone tutorial on electric motors and actuators. This paper focuses on modeling, simulation and optimization of the electromagnetic actuators integrated in abbs reclosers. Ml actuators are designed to perform well in xy and other cartesian arrangements. Special dovetail slots on all sides allow the actuators to be mounted on their bottom surface or on either side. Inertia type piezo motors are compact, low cost motors with relatively low force. Application of a magnetostrictive actuator sciencedirect. Six sizes of alnico 5 magnets, one rare earth neo 27 magnet and one ceramic magnet are stocked.
Precision linear motion accomplished easily and economically. Ml miniature linear actuator ml advantage mlb series motor driven small, compact profile 28 x 32mm patent pending simo process ensures precision mounting, accurate installation and lightweight composition. The direct current and the alternative current engines are view. Two types of actuators are used, differential singlerod and synchronizing doublerod. For high force and long travel, piezowalk type motors are recommended. Many researchers have addressed the problem of friction in pneumatic actuators by using classical friction models 4, 6 789, although these models are suitable mainly for low friction. Presently, microinductors are fabricated as spirals or square spirals in 2d layouts, as shown below. For electromagnetic, piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuators the input quantities can be the current, the charge or the voltage. Design analysis of electromagnetic actuator with ferrofluid. The use of this technology, however, requires an accurate knowledge of the dynamics of such actuators. Adobe pdf files to read and print a pdf file, you must have adobe. There are different classes of actuators depending on the physical principle on which the energy conversion takes place. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. All modern electromagnetic drive can be broken into three basic types.
One new application of a magnetostrictive actuator technology is a simple bending type design. Through sensors, computers receive vital information about a number of conditions, allowing minor adjustments to be made far more quickly and accurately than mechanical systems. Jan 08, 2016 a smallgap electrostatic microactuator for large deflections. A smallgap electrostatic microactuator for large deflections. Actuator take fluid, electric or some other source of power and convert it through a motor, piston or other device to perform work actuator may rotate an object,open or close a device or push a surface up or down, but they always put something into motion. Electromagnetics and applications mit opencourseware. Mechanics based models for struts fitted with piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuators are developed, and for harmonic disturbances, a linear dynamic formulation describing the motion of the actuators is integrated with the formulation describing wave transmission through the strut. Electromagnetic actuators modeling, simulation and. Introduction of magnetostrictive ms technology magnetostriction ms is the change in shape of materials under the influence of an external magnetic field. The twolayer laminated strip consists of one good bending functional material layer and one magnetostrictive layer. It is a mechanism that converts some type of energy into motion in order to do work move a force over a distance the three common types of energy used in rov work are electrical current, hydraulic pressure, or pneumatic pressure. V a l v e, a c t u a t o r, a n d c o n t r o l s o l u t i o n s f o r c r i t i c a l a p p l i a t i o n s. Hermetic switch can assist with obtaining other sizes and types. These motors make use of continuous clampunclamp and expandcontract cycles of a number of piezo elements.
From the control engineering point of view, synchronizing or symmetric actuators are preferred. To prevent heat damage from overwork or excessive current draw, electric actuator motors are usually equipped with a thermal. An actuator is something that converts energy into motion. Electromagnetic actuators modeling, simulation and optimization.
Some years ago, siliconbased mechanical sensors, like pressure sensors, accelerometers and gyroscopes, started their successful advance. Every year, hundreds of millions of these devices are sold, mainly for medical and automotive applications. It is responsible for the expansion or the contraction of a rod subjected to a longitudinal static magnetic field. Some of these classes of actuators which are widely used in industrial applications include hydraulic actuators, electrostatic actuators, electromagnetic actuators, thermal expansion actuators and. A complete model for solid cylindrical magnetic actuators. Condensed catalogcondensed catalog actuators controls valves. Piezo nanopositioning motors are based on different drive principles. With access to a support website containing downloadable software data files including matlab data files for verifying design techniques and analytical methods, magnetic actuators and sensors, second edition is an exemplary learning tool for practicing engineers and engineering students involved in the design and application of magnetic. Introduction to mechatronics department of mechanical engineering, university of sask atchewan, 57 campus drive, saskatoon, sk s7n 5a9, canada 2 1. They are used for alternative movements with a limited rotation angle.
Pdf fabrication of magnetostrictive actuators using rare. Sensors and actuators computer controlled systems continually monitor the operating condition of todays vehicles. Condensed catalogcondensed catalog actuators controls. Fabrication of magnetostrictive actuators using rare. Lead screw driven high accuracy and precise repeatability multiaxis configurations long travel lengths up to 650mm. In this work an approach to structural damage analysis based on the utilization of actuators made by magnetostrictive materials is presented. Non linear modelling and control of hydraulic actuators. On completion of this tutorial, you should be able to do the following. Troubleshooting opening, viewing, or printing adobe acrobat pdf. Structural damage identification using magnetostrictive. Magnetostrictive actuators mas can deliver highoutput forces and can be driven at high frequencies. An actuator typically is a mechanical device that takes energy usually energy that is created by air, electricity or liquid and converts it into some kind of motion. To prevent heat damage from overwork or excessive current draw, electric actuator motors are usually equipped with a.
In 2010, trakakis and galiotis used carbon and glass fibers as the bimetallic strip of selfdeformed composite material to provide a bending deformation under heating. They can be signed electronically, and you can easily view pdf files. The simplicity of construction of our actuators allows to obtain very high mechanical efficiency value in. Magnetostrictive actuators compared to piezoelectric actuators.
Sep 19, 2015 actuators convert a given kind of energy into mechanical energy. Type pneumatic actuators pneumatic actuators for the opening and closing of dampers in air conditioning systems pneumatic actuators for type jz, jzal, jzll, jzllal, jzhl, jzhlal multileaf dampers change of the damper blade position for two different operating situations control input signal. T is the helmholtz energy detailed in 22, 0 is the permeability of free space, t is temperature, h is the magnetic. The following table provides a qualitative comparison among these types of actuators. The hydraulic rotary actuator is a device which transform hydraulic power pressure and flow in mechanical power. These actuators have highly nonlinear model characteristics. Introduction in a typical closedloop, or feedback, control of a machine or a process, the controller. Magnetic actuators and sensors emphasizes computeraided design techniques.
Most documents on our website are posted in one or more of three formats. When posting files on a webpage it is a good idea to convert documents to a pdf file as everyone does not have the same programs loaded on their computers. New developed magnetostrictive actuators used to vibrate very stiff structures and able to acquire frequency response functions frfs in many points using piezoelectric sensors are the constitutive components of this approach. Types of the actuators actuators actuators actuator is something that converts energy into motion. Magnetostriction occurs in the most ferromagnetic materials and leads to many effect. Variety of actuation mechanisms available cylinders grippers motors. Pneumatic actuators are of a dualpiston design for compactness, highest torque output, minimal air consumption and even weight distribution balanced on the.
Actuators lei zhu carl knospe and eric maslen calnetix dept. Magnets, actuators permanent magnets in applications where the reed switch signals relative motion, permanent magnets are used to provide the operating magnetic. Find magnetostrictive actuator related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of magnetostrictive actuator information. Electromagnetic actuators victor konev may 27, 2006 abstract in this report the most common electromagnetic drives are described.
147 1079 1683 1130 832 1225 64 1318 473 115 435 1662 1268 37 1146 1152 386 585 729 1366 1039 1668 1458 51 607 1603 1667 1257 1376 843 661 1363 858 1363 1427 348 779 527 1229 948